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Radiation Injury

Radiation injury refers to damage caused to tissues and organs due to exposure to high levels of ionizing radiation. This can result from medical treatments, occupational exposure, nuclear accidents, or radiation therapy. Depending on the dose and duration of exposure, radiation injury can lead to mild to severe health complications.

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Causes:

Medical Radiation Exposure: Cancer treatments such as radiation therapy.

Nuclear Accidents: Exposure to radiation due to nuclear disasters or explosions.

Occupational Exposure: Working in environments with high radiation levels, such as nuclear plants.

Radiological Weapons: Exposure to radioactive materials used in warfare or terrorist attacks.

Symptoms:

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Skin redness, burns, or blistering

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Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

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Fatigue and weakness

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Hair loss

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Decreased immune function leading to infections

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Organ damage in severe cases

Treatment:

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT): Helps promote tissue repair and healing.

Medications: To manage nausea, infections, and inflammation.

Supportive Care: IV fluids, pain management, and blood transfusions if needed.

Bone Marrow Transplant: For severe cases of radiation-induced bone marrow damage.

Skin and Tissue Grafts: To repair radiation burns and necrotic tissue.

Prevention:

Minimize Exposure: Use protective gear when working in radiation-prone environments.

Follow Safety Protocols: Ensure radiation exposure limits are maintained in medical and occupational settings.

Potassium Iodide (KI): Used in radiation emergencies to protect the thyroid from radioactive iodine.

Radiation Shielding: Lead aprons, walls, and specialized suits can help reduce exposure.

Regular Monitoring: Workers in radiation-exposed fields should undergo periodic health screenings.